Acute Nephritic Syndrome

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Acute Nephritic Syndrome (acute glomerulonephritis) is a medical condition of glomeruli inflammation causing abrupt blood appearance in the urine with variable protein amounts and casts.

Causes–

  • Abdominal abscesses
  • Goodpasture syndrome
  • Hemolytic uremic syndrome
  • Henoch-Schonlein purpura
  • Hepatitis
  • IgA nephropathy
  • Infective endocarditis
  • Klebsiella pneumonia
  • Membranoproliferative GN
  • Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
  • Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
  • SLE
  • Syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases
  • Typhoid fever
  • Vasculitis
  • Viral diseases (mononucleosis, measles, mumps)

Symptoms And Signs–

  • Blurred Vision
  • Confusion
  • Cough (mucus or pink, frothy material)
  • Decreased alertness
  • Drowsiness
  • Edema
  • Exertional Dysponea
  • Flank Pain
  • Headache
  • Hematuria
  • Joint pain
  • Muscle ache
  • Lethargy
  • Malaise
  • Oliguria

Investigations—-

  • Blood tests-
    1. BUN
    2. Creatinine
    3. Creatinine clearance
    4. Potassium test
    5. Culture
    6. ANA titer (for lupus)
    7. ANCA ( for vasculitis)
    8. Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody
    9. Serum complement (C3 and C4)
  • kidney biopsy
  • Urine c/e
  • Culture of the throat or skin

Treatment—

  1. Limit salt, fluids and potassium in diet
  2. Ayurvedic Medicines

Complications—-

  1. Congestive heart failure
  2. Pulmonary edema
  3. Chronic glomerulonephritis
  4. Nephrotic syndrome

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